H-beam application features
The hot-rolled H-beam steel reasonably distributes the height-to-width ratio of the cross-sectional size according to different uses, and has excellent mechanical properties and superior service performance.
The design style is flexible and diverse. With the same beam height, the steel bay can be up to 50% larger than the concrete bay, making the building layout more flexible.
The structure is lightweight. Compared with the self-weight of the concrete structure, it is lighter, and the reduction of the self-weight of the structure reduces the internal force of the structural design, which can make the foundation treatment requirements of the building structure low, the construction is simple, and the cost is reduced.
The steel structure based on hot-rolled H-beam has a scientific and reasonable structure, good plasticity and flexibility, high structural stability, and is suitable for building structures that bear large vibration and impact loads, and has strong ability to resist natural disasters, especially suitable for some building structures with multiple seismic zones. According to statistics, in the world's devastating earthquake disasters of more than 7 magnitude, the steel structure buildings dominated by H-beam are the least damaged.
Increase the effective usable area of the structure. Compared with the concrete structure, the cross-sectional area of the steel structure column is small, which can increase the effective usable area of the building, and can increase the effective usable area by 4-6% depending on the different forms of the building.
Compared with welded H-beam, it can significantly save labor and materials, reduce the consumption of raw materials, energy and labor, have low residual stress, and have good appearance and surface quality.
It is easy to machine, structurally connect and install, and is also easy to dismantle and reuse.
The use of H-beam can effectively protect the environment, which is manifested in three aspects: first, compared with concrete, dry construction can be adopted, which produces less noise and less dust; second, due to the reduction of its own weight, the amount of soil taken from foundation construction is small, and the damage to land resources is small, in addition, the amount of concrete is greatly reduced, and the amount of excavation is reduced, which is conducive to the protection of the ecological environment; third, after the service life of the building structure expires, after the structure is demolished, the amount of solid waste generated is small, and the recycling value of scrap steel resources is high.
The steel structure based on hot-rolled H-beam has a high degree of industrial production, which is convenient for machinery manufacturing, intensive production, high precision, easy installation, easy to ensure quality, and can be built into real house production factories, bridge production factories, industrial plant production factories, etc. The development of steel structure has created and driven the development of hundreds of emerging industries.
The construction speed of the project is fast, the area is small, and it is suitable for all-weather construction, and is less affected by climatic conditions. The construction speed of the steel structure made of hot-rolled H-beam is about 2-3 times that of the concrete structure, and the capital turnover rate is doubled, reducing the financial cost, thereby saving investment. Taking the "Jin Mao Tower" in Pudong, Shanghai, China as an example, the main body of the structure with a height of nearly 400 m was capped in less than half a year, while the steel-concrete structure took two years to complete.
Angle steel application characteristics
Angle steel: commonly known as angle iron, is a long strip of steel with two sides perpendicular to each other. There are equal angle steel and unequal angle steel. Equilateral angles have two equal side widths, and their specifications are expressed in millimeters of side width× side width × side thickness. For example, "∠30×30×3", which means that the side width is 30 mm and the side thickness is 3 mm. It can also be expressed by the model number, which is the number of centimeters of the side width, such as ∠3#. The model does not represent the size of different side thicknesses in the same model, so the side width and side thickness of the angle steel should be filled in on the contract and other documents to avoid being represented by the model alone. The specifications of hot-rolled equilateral angle steel are 2#-20#. Angle steel can be composed of various different stressed components according to the different needs of the structure, and can also be used as a connector between components. It is widely used in various building structures and engineering structures, such as house beams, bridges, transmission towers, lifting and transportation machinery, ships, industrial furnaces, reaction towers, container racks and warehouse shelves.
Channel steel application characteristics
Channel steel is a long strip of steel with a grooved cross-section. Its specification representation method, such as 120 * 53 * 5, that is, the waist height of 120 mm, the leg width of 53 mm, the waist thickness of 5 mm of channel steel, or 12# channel steel. Channel steel with the same waist height, if there are several different leg widths and waist thicknesses, it is also necessary to add a b c on the right side of the model to distinguish, such as 25A# 25B# 25C# and so on. Channel steel is divided into ordinary channel steel and light channel steel. The specification of hot-rolled ordinary channel steel is 5-40#. The specifications of hot-rolled flexible channel steel supplied by agreement between the supply and demand parties are 6.5-30#. Channel steel is mainly used in building structures, vehicle manufacturing and other industrial structures, and channel steel is often used in conjunction with I-beams.
I-beam application characteristics
I-beams, also known as steel beams, are long strips of steel with an I-shaped cross-section. Its specifications are expressed in millimeters of waist height (h) * leg width (b) * waist thickness (d), such as "work 160 * 88 * 6", that is, the waist height is 160 mm, the leg width is 88 mm, and the waist thickness is 6 mm. The specifications of I-beams can also be expressed by the model, which indicates the number of centimeters of waist height, such as Gong 16#. For I-beams with the same waist height, if there are several different leg widths and waist thicknesses, it is necessary to add a b c on the right side of the model to distinguish them, such as 32A# 32B# 32C# and so on. I-beams are divided into ordinary I-beams and light I-beams, and the specifications of hot-rolled ordinary I-beams are 10-63#. The specifications of hot-rolled ordinary I-beams supplied by agreement between the supply and demand sides are 12-55#. I-beams are widely used in various building structures, bridges, vehicles, brackets, machinery, etc.
Application characteristics of cold-formed steel
Cold-formed steel is the main material for making light steel structures, which is made of steel plate or steel strip cold formed forming. Its wall thickness can not only be made very thin, but also greatly simplify the production process and improve production efficiency. It can produce various profiles and cold-formed sections of different materials with uniform wall thickness but complex cross-sectional shapes that are difficult to produce by general hot rolling methods. In addition to being used in various building structures, cold-formed steel is also widely used in vehicle manufacturing, agricultural machinery manufacturing, etc.
Special-shaped steels include retaining rings, horseshoe steels, magnetic pole steels, presser foot plates, shallow channel steels, small channel steels, T-shaped steels, ball flat steels, cloth feeding tooth steels, hot-rolled hexagonal steels, etc. In addition, there are rivet steel, farm tool steel, and window frame steel.
