Chemical Composition and Mechanical Property
| Grade | C% | SI% | Mn% | Cr% | Ni% | Mo% | Nb% | V% | P% | S% | Alt% |
| 12Cr1MoVR | 0.08-0.15 | 0.15-0.40 | 0.40-0.70 | 0.90-1.20 | 0.25-0.35 | 0.15-0.30 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.010 | |||
| Steel Grade | Thickness, in mm | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength, min | Elongation, %, min |
| 12Cr1MoVR | 6<T≤60 | 440-590 | 245 | 19 |
| 60<T≤100 | 430-580 | 235 |
1. How does vanadium (V) enhance the steel's performance?
Answer:
The vanadium addition (0.15-0.30%) provides:
✔ Fine grain stabilization through VC precipitation
✔ Improved creep resistance at high temperatures
✔ Enhanced hydrogen embrittlement resistance
✔ Better long-term microstructural stability
2. What heat treatment is mandatory?
Answer:
Required processing:
Normalizing: 930-980°C
Tempering: 680-750°C (minimum 2hrs/25mm)
Accelerated cooling: For thickness >80mm
3. What are the critical welding requirements?
Answer:
Strict welding protocol:
Preheat: 200-250°C (maintained until PWHT)
Consumables: GB/T 5117 E9015-B3V or equivalent
Interpass temp: 250-350°C
PWHT: 710-740°C × 2hrs + 1hr/25mm
Hardness control: ≤241 HB (weld/HAZ)
4. Where is 12Cr1MoVR essential?
Answer:
Critical applications:
Hydrogenation reactors (150-300 bar)
Coal liquefaction vessels
High-pressure heat exchangers
Petrochemical hydrocrackers
Nuclear steam generators
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